Fiscal Year Dates by Country
The US federal government is in fiscal year 2027, which runs from Thursday, October 1, 2026 to Thursday, September 30, 2027 (as of November 5, 2026; it is Q1 of FY2027). A fiscal year is the 12-month period an organization uses for its budget and accounts; many governments start theirs on April 1, July 1 or October 1 instead of January 1.
Updated · By the YearlyCalendar.org team
Fiscal years by country
Fiscal year rules and the fiscal year in progress on November 5, 2026. The last column counts down to the start of the next fiscal year.
| Country / organization | Fiscal year | Current fiscal year | Name | Next one starts |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US federal government | October 1 – September 30 | – | FY2027 | in 330 days |
| US states (46 of 50) | July 1 – June 30 | – | FY2027 | in 238 days |
| New York State | April 1 – March 31 | – | FY2027 | in 147 days |
| Texas | September 1 – August 31 | – | FY2027 | in 300 days |
| Alabama and Michigan | October 1 – September 30 | – | FY2027 | in 330 days |
| United Kingdom – government | April 1 – March 31 | – | 2026–27 | in 147 days |
| United Kingdom – personal tax year | April 6 – April 5 | – | 2026 to 2027 | in 152 days |
| Canada – federal government | April 1 – March 31 | – | 2026–27 | in 147 days |
| Canada – personal income tax | January 1 – December 31 | – | 2026 | in 57 days |
| Australia – government and income year | July 1 – June 30 | – | 2026–27 | in 238 days |
| New Zealand – government | July 1 – June 30 | – | 2026/27 | in 238 days |
| New Zealand – income tax year | April 1 – March 31 | – | — | in 147 days |
| India | April 1 – March 31 | – | FY 2026-27 | in 147 days |
| Japan | April 1 – March 31 | – | FY2026 | in 147 days |
| Hong Kong | April 1 – March 31 | – | 2026-27 | in 147 days |
| Singapore – government | April 1 – March 31 | – | FY2026 | in 147 days |
| South Africa – government | April 1 – March 31 | – | 2026/27 | in 147 days |
| South Africa – individual tax year | March 1 – end of February | – | — | in 116 days |
| Germany, France, China | January 1 – December 31 | – | 2026 | in 57 days |
What is a fiscal year?
A fiscal year (FY) is any 12-month accounting period. The IRS defines a calendar year as 12 consecutive months from January 1 to December 31, and a fiscal year as 12 consecutive months ending on the last day of any month except December. Businesses can also elect a 52–53-week year that always ends on the same weekday — either the last such weekday of a month or the one nearest the end of a month — so some years have 53 weeks.
Governments fix their fiscal year by law, and budgets, appropriations and official statistics are reported by fiscal year. Companies choose their own year-end; it is stated in their annual reports.
How fiscal years are named
- US federal government — named for the year in which it ends: FY2027 runs from October 1, 2026 to September 30, 2027, and Q1 FY2027 is October–December 2026.
- US states — also named by the end year: for the 46 states starting on July 1, FY2027 runs from July 1, 2026 to June 30, 2027.
- UK, Canada, Australia, India — both years are written: the UK government and Canada's 2026–27 year runs from April 1, 2026 to March 31, 2027; India writes FY 2026-27; Australia's 2026–27 financial year runs from July 1, 2026 to June 30, 2027.
- UK tax year — runs from 6 April to 5 April; the 2026 to 2027 tax year ends on Monday, April 5, 2027.
- Japan and Singapore — named for the starting year: FY2026 runs from April 1, 2026 to March 31, 2027.
Fiscal quarters of FY2027 (US federal)
Federal fiscal quarters with working days (Monday to Friday minus federal holidays, observed dates).
| Quarter | Dates | Days | Working days | Federal days off |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q1 FY2027 | – | 92 | 62 | Columbus Day (Oct 12), Veterans Day (Nov 11), Thanksgiving Day (Nov 26), Christmas Day (Dec 25) |
| Q2 FY2027 | – | 90 | 61 | New Year's Day (Jan 1), Martin Luther King Jr. Day (Jan 18), Presidents' Day (Feb 15) |
| Q3 FY2027 | – | 91 | 63 | Memorial Day (May 31), Juneteenth (observed Jun 18) |
| Q4 FY2027 | – | 92 | 64 | Independence Day (observed Jul 5), Labor Day (Sep 6) |
Company fiscal years
Companies set their own fiscal year. Three well-known examples, all named for the year in which the fiscal year ends:
| Company | Fiscal year | Current fiscal year | Name |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microsoft | July 1 – June 30 | – | FY2027 |
| Apple | 52 or 53 weeks ending on the last Saturday of September | – (52 weeks) | Fiscal 2027 |
| Walmart | February 1 – January 31 | – | Fiscal 2027 |
US federal fiscal years 2020–2040
Each federal fiscal year runs from October 1 to September 30; it has 366 days when it contains February 29.
| Fiscal year | Starts | Ends | Days | Quarterly calendars |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FY2020 | 366 | — | ||
| FY2021 | 365 | — | ||
| FY2022 | 365 | — | ||
| FY2023 | 365 | — | ||
| FY2024 | 366 | Jan–Sep 2024 | ||
| FY2025 | 365 | Oct–Dec 2024 · Jan–Sep 2025 | ||
| FY2026 | 365 | Oct–Dec 2025 · Jan–Sep 2026 | ||
| FY2027 current | 365 | Oct–Dec 2026 · Jan–Sep 2027 | ||
| FY2028 | 366 | Oct–Dec 2027 · Jan–Sep 2028 | ||
| FY2029 | 365 | Oct–Dec 2028 · Jan–Sep 2029 | ||
| FY2030 | 365 | Oct–Dec 2029 · Jan–Sep 2030 | ||
| FY2031 | 365 | Oct–Dec 2030 · Jan–Sep 2031 | ||
| FY2032 | 366 | Oct–Dec 2031 · Jan–Sep 2032 | ||
| FY2033 | 365 | Oct–Dec 2032 | ||
| FY2034 | 365 | — | ||
| FY2035 | 365 | — | ||
| FY2036 | 366 | — | ||
| FY2037 | 365 | — | ||
| FY2038 | 365 | — | ||
| FY2039 | 365 | — | ||
| FY2040 | 366 | — |
Quarterly calendars
Calendar quarters, fiscal-quarter mapping and estimated tax dates for each year:
Frequently asked questions
Why does the US government's fiscal year start in October?
The Congressional Budget Act of 1974 moved the start of the federal fiscal year from July 1 to October 1, beginning with fiscal year 1977, to give Congress more time to pass appropriations.
What happens if Congress has not passed the budget by October 1?
Congress usually passes a continuing resolution that funds agencies temporarily at existing levels. If neither appropriations nor a continuing resolution is enacted, agencies without funding must stop work that is not legally excepted — a government shutdown — until funding is approved.
Can a business choose its own fiscal year?
Generally yes. A new business adopts its tax year when it files its first income tax return, and changing it later usually requires IRS approval on Form 1128. Partnerships, S corporations and personal service corporations must generally use a required tax year unless an exception applies.